Led by in-country partners, strategic technology learning sites were established in all target regions, and new sites identified for technology expansion. The learning sites take the form of Village Knowledge centres (ViKCs), most of which also serve as physical demonstration sites. ViKCs are community resource centres, agricultural training centres, farmer teachers, and agricultural development agents. Most of the ViKCs are already existing structures. As much as possible, the partners are leveraging existing structures that already have roots in the form of institutional integration, and recognition in the respective areas, and already function as learning centers for farmers and extension. Some have physical infrastructure like community meeting halls, training and demonstration venues, or local authority offices that are used for farmer meetings or nodes for distribution of push-pull training and dissemination materials, as far as possible in local languages. They are strategically located relative to target farmer groups to promote networking and inclusion. The ViKCs ideally include demonstration plots and are not restricted to UPSCALE focus regions. The centres are also used to monitor and evaluate feedback from farmers, and to track resulting adoption outcomes.